Land use patterns
Transportation systems
Building design
Landscape design & management
Infrastructure systems
Regional & urban food systems
Regional & urban food systems
Community social services & facilities
Employment, businesses & investment
Air & climate emissions
Energy supply systems
Water management
Materials & waste management
Food supply
Social capacity & basic needs supply
Economic opportunity & sufficiency
Mark became critical of the over-simplistic social, economic and environmental 3-legged stool and how was being applied by many organizations. His training and experience in the challenging details of urban planning and design drove him to create a new framework that was more applicable to cities.
The first innovation Mark created in this field in the mid 1990s was the Sustainability Matrix, while working at the City of Vancouver. Mark brought his education in urban systems and design to the discussion on global sustainability issues and observed immediately that there were some core issues that were the cause of “unsustainability” globally, but that effective responses to them were complex, interacting with every aspect of cities and the economy.
The Sustainability Matrix has the core sustainability issues on one axis (a deeper evaluation beyond social, economic and environmental) and the specific areas where we can take action in an urban setting on the other axis.
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